1.0 INTRODUCTION
The ICT phrase has been used by academic researchers since the 1980s but it became popular after it was used in a report in the United Kingdom by Dennis Stevenson in 1997 and in the National Curriculum for England, Wales and Northern Ireland in 2000. As of September 2013, the term ICT in the UK national curriculum has been replaced by the broader "computing" term. Definition of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an umbrella term that includes any communication or application device, which includes radio, television, cell phones, computers, hardware and network software, satellite systems, among others, and various services and applications associated with them, such as video conferencing and distance learning. Therefore, ICT is defined for the purpose of the learning process as well as various tools and resources of technology used to communicate, create, disseminate, store and manage information. Additionally, another definition of ICT is, it is a computer-based tool used by people to work with an organization's information and technology processing needs. In recent years, there has been a profound interest in how computers and the internet can be handled well to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of education at all levels and formal and informal settings. But ICT is more than just old technology such as telephones, radios, televisions, but even though this technology is less of a concern, they have a longer and richer history as a teaching tool. Information technology is not limited to internet tires only but it involves television, telephones, mobile phones, faxes, telegrams, PDAs and satellite systems in storing information to recipients. In information technology or IT, it is the much needed technology for data processing. The scope of the title is very broad in all aspects of the management and processing of information. Accurately and easily use of computers and software to modify, store, protect, process, transmit, view and obtain information regardless of place and time. The definition of information technology can also be summarized as a streaming process, dissemination of information processing and storage using technology intermediaries.
2.0 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
2.1 ADVANTAGES
i) Teaching and learning
Information technology or IT is important in the teaching and learning process. According to Dr Nor Azura Husin, Lecturer of Computer Science and Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Dr Nor Azura Husin said that the sustainable use of ICT is very necessary to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of R & D processes. This is because in order to build a balanced human capital from the intellectual, physical and spiritual point of view, the role of technology can not be neglected in developing human personality and personality, especially in today's digital era. The use of this technology is important in the teaching process for teachers because its use is a teaching tool to enhance understanding and effectiveness in the teaching process to students. Furthermore, the use of technology will be able to attract students in a more solid and efficient learning session. Among the examples of teaching methods that make technology as a teaching tool are computers, electronics, LCDs, digital cameras and more. Starting from that, the use of technology in learning by using applications such as microsoft powerpoint, flash video and others showcasing attractive and colorful visuals attracted the attention of students to continue learning sessions. With its impressive audio and sound effects, it can prevent students from being easily tired and tired of undergoing a learning process like olden times using only traditional learning that uses oral and lime on the blackboard. Hence, the lessons learned will be more fun and students will be more active in the classroom activities.
ii) Easy Access Information
In achieving digital era in the world without boundaries, information can be obtained using only the tip of the finger. This is because news can be obtained from internet sources if they missed watching news on television. In addition to today's increasingly sophisticated technology, they also have access to news at work and everywhere by using the apps available on their respective smartphones whether android or not android. Since today's digital world is borderless, then the news from the smartphone screen encompasses a wider scope from within and outside the country. Therefore, it's easier for people to access all the news faster with sophisticated software in their smartphones. Additionally, the information obtained is also faster and easier. For example online news from writing myMetro, Daily News Online and more. Therefore, society does not need to spend much money on buying newspapers.
iii) Increase Business Productivity
In today's business and entrepreneurship, ICT usage is crucial in improving their productivity. With technology such as television, entrepreneurs can advertise any of its sales products more widely and the product will be recognized by the community. Additionally, the introduction of software available in computers and smartphones also helps entrepreneurs to advertise their products through social media apps such as Instagram and Facebook sites. Additionally, Ecommerce recognition is also widely used in western countries, but it is acknowledged by international companies and market experts as a business and marketing sector that can not be ignored. This is because, companies and individuals can trade and sell anywhere in the world. Hence, entrepreneurs also do not have to spend a lot of money to open a kiosk with a fairly expensive rental price as well as helping overseas or even homeowners to trade from home using only sophisticated technology this century. Thus, productivity will be enhanced by social media as a platform to expand its business.
2.2 DISADVANTAGES
i) Plagiarism and Fluency Symptoms in Students
In the system of learning and teaching in educational institutions. The plagiarism problem can occur without being realized by a student. This is because when a student is given a task by their teacher more often to rely on the use of ICT solely for information faster and faster by copying the information sought from the internet without realizing whether it has violated the rights the rights of the producer of such information. Unconsciously, they also become more about producing their own ideas and are just looking for an easy way to complete all the assignments they are given. The technology used for this educational purpose also fosters laziness among students. With sophisticated technology, most of the tasks that require skills such as drawing, guessing, writing have been resolved by computers. Students will now be more lazy and lose certain skills with increasing dependence on computers. This scenario will cause students to be passive. In fact, the problem is compounded by the fact that information is available on the internet is easy to obtain by a student with only one click without being known by the producer of the information. Additionally, with the online learning system in learning it also encourages students to skip lectures as notes have been uploaded in e-learning systems as well as they become less likely to communicate between educators at educational institutions.
ii) News Spread and Negative Materials
The sophistication of today's ICT technology as a free network that seeks to inflate everywhere without any boundaries and boundaries, the internet is also a factory of all "garbage that can poison the minds of consumers, namely society and especially teenagers. There are many websites that reveal negative materials including propaganda about certain beliefs, religious humiliation, elements that conflict with our culture of politeness, and various forms of obscenity. In fact, lately the internet has been used by irresponsible parties to spread lies, rumors, gossip and false news. Some of the negative substances that have been transmitted have a negative impact on society. This is because there are many non-commissioned folk journalists who spread the untrue news to the society solely for comment and like that of many social media. For example, when rumors of riots in Chow Kit are rumored, the crowd gets agitated and stormed the supermarket to buy food. The horrendous false news is very effective to create a faint mood and confuse the community to force the police to act quickly by arresting two suspected persons involved in the dissemination of the news.
iii) Account Management Phenomenon
The more sophisticated use of ICT in the digital era also poses a threat to information technology users - computer hacker phenomena or hackers. Computer hackers are defined as people who can bring threats to computers and network systems. They try to abuse this facility for their benefit. But there are also computer hackers who only carry out intrusive personal information or virus attacks as one of the fun and hobbies without thinking about the adverse effects that will come. For example in business and banking activities, most cases of hacking occur to the victim's account until the victim loses a sum of money from the victim's bank account. This is due to an irresponsible individual posing as an important individual and then deceiving the victim to provide personal information until the victim's account is hacked by the hacker. Cyber attacks can also occur in the form of email bombing, spam, harassment, hacker threats, virus attacks, denial of services and intrusions that will cause huge losses and cause loss of confidential information of companies and governments. Therefore, they also love to invade computer network systems, steal important information or data and send malicious code or viruses to interfere with other computer network systems and cause severe damage.
3.0 IMPACT TO SOCIETY AS A WHOLE
Globalization is generally a process that restructures the world under one common unit without being limited by the boundaries of a country's delimitation and geography. From the aspect of definition, globalization can be interpreted from various perspectives such as economic, social, cultural or political. However, the definition of globalization from a sociological perspective, globalization is a process of network improvement and interdependence between one community and another society. The community is now undergoing change and now appears as a new community group, known as informal society. Society is becoming more mature in the information world. This is because modernization has been widely influenced by the development of ICT that has begun from information technology applications to job requirements to the role of information technology into the daily life of the community.
The rapid development in ICT is a catalyst for economic transformation that can drive the nation's development towards a high-income developed country. According to Habibah Lehar in 2008, ICT has been adopted in the framework of Malaysia's development as a tool or machinery capable of supporting the growth of the Malaysian economy and thus being able to improve the quality and standard of living of Malaysians. The development of ICT in Malaysia is a form of technology transformation that has led to a lifestyle change. This is because, today's sophistication of ICT has helped the public to improve their productivity as well as help boost the country's revenue. With the channels available through software in smartphones, laptops and even televisions. Entrepreneurs can promote products that are traded more widely globally. Now, the world community is getting closer because what a company's trading is known to every corner of the world in just a few moments.
In the context of social interaction, this ICT advancement has created a new form of communication that is called social media. Social media is a medium for borderless social interactions. Social networking sites are widely used by various groups of users such as academicians, politicians, corporate organizations, government agencies, students, and so on for various purposes such as business, teaching and learning, political ideology, communication, public relations and advertising tools. Popular social media types used include blogs, facebook, e-mail, tweeter, sms and so on. This is because all the information can be disseminated easily and they can also be more closely connected with family members and friends who are deeply involved in social media forming a new relationship between the outside society. This smart phone and laptop facility can no longer be denied its importance because it is indispensable for the public to disseminate information and build relationships more easily. Therefore, it is no wonder that information can be easily accessed by people around the world.
The era of cyber technology has also changed the learning approach in which this informal learning gradually changes the role of teachers such as teachers, lecturers and so on. The teaching and learning techniques are 'Open open' through multimedia, internet, e-mail, audio-video, tele conferencing and so on. Today's educators need to master at least in generic skills such as facilitation skills, critical thinking skills, creative and reflective skills, learning skills, assessment skills and infotek skills. It is important because when students enter the job environment they can help them become skilled, competent and most important workforce who are knowledgeable and informal workers. Therefore, digital learning helps the learning system to be easier and more intuitive and literate in all aspects. Not only in the academic aspect but the skills in ICT usage are also focused on the bright future in the work environment that is based on the use of ICT.
Globalization is also a unity of the world's society in terms of lifestyle, orientation, and culture. The cultural bursts of the globalization process have made drastic changes in thought, practice, way of life, work, intelligence, behavior, creation, material, life, and more in society. Globalization not only brings innovation in the field of information acquisition and knowledge through ICT but has become mean for Western parties exporting their living culture such as cultural hedonism, secularism and religious-pluralism which is not our culture. This certainly forms a conflicting culture that exists in society. This is due to the rapidly increasing use of ICT in the sophistication that there are a handful of people who are easily influenced by outside cultures. The information obtained by the community is also quoted through the tip of the finger only as media in ICT is a very strong medium. This is said to be because people will not be looking at the screen of the smartphone and laptop computers. Televisions are also not left behind in playing the role of spreading information around the community. But there is also news and information that is not validly disseminated in the media so that the sentiment, sensitivity and riot from the irresponsible side can be triggered when spreading false news and information.
In addition, television is also sometimes a buyer for just one party hearing rather than neutral. This also causes dissatisfaction with the community as information is only focused on one party while the public is always thirsty with information they do not know. Additionally, popular culture is growing and widespread spread across all social groups and groups, not limited to groups that is. The mass culture is always referred to as cultural elements channeled through mass media, such as print media and electronic media. But the mass culture, spread widely through popular media, is also popular and is part of popular culture. The role of mass media is also very important in building a popular cultural phenomenon. In fact, the mass media technology is pushing for the rapid development of popular culture. Popular culture as a cultural phenomenon plays an important role in promoting the dynamics of the culture, and further influencing the civilization's position of civilization. There is a belief in some who underestimate and link the spread of popular cultural materials with social problems, especially among adolescents.
4.0 IMPACT TO THE HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS IN PARTICULAR
The mastery of youth in ICT is just as important. The importance of using information technology has led the youth, especially IPTA students and IPTS to be aware that information technology has helped them in the learning process and in the search for additional information. With the development of ICT, IPT students do not have to run in search of information on assignments because through internet access, information sources are no longer limited and limited by search engines like Google, Yahoo and MSN make it even easier to search and save time. This is because information can be obtained quickly and accurately, compared to 20 years ago where information is only obtained from certain libraries and magazines as references. Youth acceptance especially IPT students towards the development and influence of ICT in everyday life should begin with self-confidence and positive attitudes. This includes their interest in ICT, their stance on how ICT can transform or assist them in daily activities and so on. Today, the mastery of ICT among youths is very encouraging as most youths use ICT as a medium to channel information and search information.
With this, the level of power over smartphones in ICT among youths is growing from time to time over the last few decades. Technology diversity not only helps to simplify everyday life but also pushes global accessibility. This can be seen from the level of ICT utilization not only to obtain information but also to communicate. In the past, online convenience is the absolute choice of most youths but modernization is now in line with current demands requiring us to master the skills of using technology in assisting our daily lives. In addition to facilitating daily life, ICT usage is also used to communicate and socialize. This can be seen clearly, there are so many social sites that mushroom grows after the rain is becoming increasingly popular and being the medium of communication and social amongst youth today. Among today's social sites are Facebook, Twitter, Myspace, Tagged and so on. This social site has also become a lifestyle among today's youth. If this social site does not exist, it is said to be left behind and not in the current circulation.
There are also IPTA students who use this television medium to get entertainment after tired of doing tasks and daily activities such as drama, comedy and so on. Additionally, the television is also used as a channel to disseminate information to the students on more detailed issues through the news stories. This has made the television as a medium for information and entertainment in student life. Next to the different broadcasts on television, it gives students the freedom to change the different broadcasts, for example in Astro. Examples of broadcasts in Astro are in sports aspects such as Astro Arena, religious in Astro Oasis, entertainment in Astro Ria and others. This encourages students to choose the broadcast they want. This ICT facility helps students to gain satisfaction in various aspects of television.
The government also plays a role by constantly working and giving priority to forming a knowledgeable and knowledgeable society through the widespread and comprehensive use of ICT. Among the efforts undertaken by the government is to provide computer labs throughout the school in Malaysia to provide ICT knowledge. Even in IPT, facilities such as WIFI are available to students for the convenience of finding information in making an assignment. Furthermore, the government's efforts are the Youth and Sports Ministry which channel RM 3000 to help youth societies across the country to enable them to set up a cyber center in every parliamentary constituency of the country. This proves that the efforts of the government are to facilitate the youth in mastering information and communications technology and can help local people in using the technology.
In addition, corporate governance in ICT can help graduates in finding job vacancies. With websites like JobStreet, JobSeeker and so on, it can make it easier for graduates to find jobs. The Government of Malaysia has also provided JoBMalaysia, to facilitate graduates to fill out job forms whether to work in the government or private sector. In fact, filling out forms for government posts can also be filed through the website. The benefits of ICT domination make a great return to the youth who can master them to advance themselves. Mastery in English is no longer an excuse for youth to learn ICT because there are many websites and software developed in Malay.
Consequently, the use of laptops has pushed the youth to think more creatively and critically. This can be seen through the creation of blogs where youth are increasingly bold to speak on issues, especially issues involving humanity as they can carry the laptop anywhere with lightweight and diverse functionality. Sensitivity and youth's view of a critical issue can prove their maturity in contributing ideas. Not only that, the mastery of youth in ICT is getting stronger through the use of laptops because of the participation of university students to complete all assignments given to students.
The creativity of these youths shows that the mastery of youth towards technology, especially ICT is high. This will open up opportunities for other youths to try in this area in enhancing their skills and skills in order to be a youth who can serve the religion, race and nation. Recognizing the above facts, it is clear that students are truly mastered by ICT are undoubtedly able to master so well and be confident of its use as a means of communication and knowledge channel that leads to the renewal of knowledge civilization. ICT ownership can also help youth in developing themselves, regardless of whether they are still in IPT or who have worked, it can be fun for the youth in doing their daily activities and improving their quality of life. This is because the use of technology is not limited only to large cities but also to rural areas.
5.0 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it is undeniable that ICT is a key catalyst in globalization. The rapid development of ICT affects the lives of today's society. It is an inevitable thing since our country needs ICT as one of the foundation for national development. The impact of ICT in life has become part of today's modern life that will continue to increase its use and influence from time to time. This influence in society has surpassed all aspects of life, starting from the influence of ICT to the economic system until it affects the culture and values in society. ICT has been a catalyst for change in the global economic system. The economic system known as K-Economy has become an inevitable system now. There are significant changes in the digital divide and the value of knowledge in the community as not all levels of society are able to access internet services for example because of the high cost and access to limited signals especially those living in rural areas. The community should take advantage of the positive contributions that can be generated from ICT development. The statement by Castell (2005), 'society shapes technology according to the needs, values and interests of people who use the technology' should be the basis for more effective use of ICT. Authorities should also be more proactive in providing procedures and rules to monitor the development of information technology so that communities and students are not free to misuse the facilities provided
6.0 REFERENCES
Castells.M , & Cardoso. G (2005). The Network society: From knowledge to policy. Washington, USA: Center for Transatlantic Relations.
Habibah Lehar (2007). The Malaysian economy : Past and Present. Shah Alam: University Publication Centre, Universiti Teknologi MARA.
Mohd Anwar Patho Rahman. (2015, August 21). Serangan siber senjata baharu ancam keselamatan negara.: Berita Harian Online. Retrieved May 9, 2018, from www.bharian.com.my/node/76211
Ruhaiza Rismin. (2016, August 22). ICT tingkatkan kemahiran berfikir. : My Metro. Retrieved May 09, 2018, from https://www.hmetro.com.my/node/160856.
Siti Masayu Rosliah Abdul Rashid . (2016). Keupayaan ICT Dalam Meningkatkan Pencapaian Usahawan Wanita: Satu Kajian Kes Usahawan Luar Bandar Di Malaysia. (Capability of ICT in Improving the Achievements of Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Malaysia),Volume 11(2), issn: 1823-884x, 78-103. Retrieved May 09, 2018, from http://ejournal.ukm.my/ebangi/article/viewFile/15937/4948
Stevenson, D. (1997). Information and communications technology in UK schools: And independent inquiry. : Independent ICT in Schools Commission.
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